Exploring the Potential of Adaptive Leadership to Enhance Military Capabilities in Facing Hybrid Threat

Authors

  • Hendra Republic Indonesia Defense University
  • I Gede Sumertha Republic Indonesia Defense University
  • Priyanto Republic Indonesia Defense University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55927/fjss.v4i2.353

Keywords:

Adaptif Leadership, Military Capabilities, Military Leadership, Hybrid Threat

Abstract

This study aims to examine and analyse the potential of adaptive leadership in enhancing military capabilities, particularly within the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI), amid the growing reality of hybrid threats. Such threats compel states to reconsider their defense formulations to strengthen military deterrence in confronting worst-case scenarios. Employing a qualitative approach through literature review, this article investigates military leadership and the dynamics of hybrid threats in Indonesia. The analysis reveals that adaptive leadership is highly relevant in modern defense, contributing significantly to TNI’s ability to respond to diverse threats. It fosters not only innovation in peacetime but also adaptability in wartime, enhancing physical resilience, mental endurance, and cognitive capacity. These findings imply the strategic importance of adaptive leadership in improving TNI’s institutional responsiveness to complex security challenges

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Published

2025-07-02

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