Urban Farming as a Pathway to Strengthen Community Adaptive Capacity to Climate Change: Opportunities and Challenges from Makassar City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55927/ijsmr.v3i10.654Keywords:
Urban Farming, Adaptive Capacity, Climate Change, Makassar, Opportunities and ChallengesAbstract
This study examines urban farming as a strategy to enhance community adaptive capacity to climate change in Makassar City. Using a qualitative approach, the research finds that urban farming strengthens household food security, local economies, environmental awareness, and social networks for managing climate risks. However, constraints such as limited land, insufficient technical and financial support, weak policy frameworks, and low public literacy persist. Its success hinges on robust synergy among communities, government, academia, and the private sector through regulatory support, funding, and innovation. Consequently, urban farming should be recognized not merely as a food production activity, but as a sustainable climate adaptation strategy to be integrated into urban development planning.
References
Abdullah, N., Rakib, M., Hasan, M., Nurdiana, Supatminingsih, T. (2022). Economic Feasibility and Strategy for the Development of Urban Agricultural Enterprises of KWT Anggrek in Makassar City. Ideas: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Budaya, 8( 4), 1411-1420, https://doi.org/10.32884/ideas.v8i4.1069.
Abdul Rashid, N. F., Anuar, H. H., & Raja Safwan, R. S. (2023). Urban farming: solar nutrient film technique system. International Journal of Innovation and Industrial Revolution, 5(13), 149–157. https://doi.org/10.35631/ijirev.513013
Araújo, R. (2025). Agricultura urbana como ferramenta na promoção da educação ambiental e na educação em saúde (relato de experiência). Journal of Education, Science and Health, 5(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.52832/jesh.v5i1.523
Astuti, T., Hasddin, H., Asrul, A., Jasman, J., Balaka, Muh. Y., Haydir, H., Ishak, A., Handa, M. I., Sambari, V. E. G., & Maladeni, E. S. (2025). Urban farming and the nexus of economic growth and environmental sustainability in coastal cities, Indonesia. European Journal of Sustainable Development Research, 9(4), em0328. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/16773
Awaluddin, A., Akrim, D., Angela, L. A., Syaiful, A. Z., & Presentya, Y. (2024). Food security resilience: A preliminary study of sustainable urban farming in Makassar City. JEBE: Journal of Environment Behavior and Engineering, 2(2), 5520. https://doi.org/10.56326/jebe.v2i2.5520
Baharuddin, A., Rahmatia, R., Rusmin, J. H., & Islami, F. N. (2024). Plant what you eat: The daily politics of the Makassar urban farming community in responding to global problems related to the food crisis. Hasanuddin Journal of International Affairs, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.31947/hjirs.v3i1.25544
Bako, L. S., Oruonye, E. D., Anger, R., Nduka, O. V., Danbauchi, E. S., & Ezra, A. G. (2025). Adaptive Capacity and Climate Change Impacts in Agro-ecological zones of Taraba State, Nigeria. 4(2), 58–65. https://doi.org/10.51470/jod.2025.4.2.58
Barokah, U., Rahayu, W., & Antriyandarti, E. (2023). The role of urban farming to household food security in the surakarta city, indonesia. Agrisocionomics, 7(3), 526–538. https://doi.org/10.14710/agrisocionomics.v7i3.15942
Caprario, J., Tasca, F. A., Santana, P., Azevedo, L. T. S., & Finotti, A. R. (2022). Framework for incorporating climate projections in the integrated planning and management of urban infrastructure. Urban Climate, 41, 101060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2021.101060
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. (2018). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design (International Student Edition): Choosing Among Five Approaches.
Datta, S., & Roy, J. (2022). Exploring adaptive capacity: Observations from the vulnerable human-coastal environmental system of the Bay of Bengal in India. Frontiers in Climate, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2022.1007780
Day, J. W., Gunn, J. D., & Burger, J. R. (2021). Diminishing Opportunities for Sustainability of Coastal Cities in the Anthropocene: A Review. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/FENVS.2021.663275
Edewor, S. E., & Ogbe, A. O. (2020). Does Gender Inclusion Really Matter in Sustainable Food Systems (pp. 181–195). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2599-9.CH011
Fadhilah, T. H., Cahyana, A. D., Nugraha, F. D., & Budiwitjaksono4, G. S. (2024). Empowerment of Urban Farming Program to Improve Food Security and Environmental Quality in Gebang Putih Village, Surabaya City. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Akademisi. https://doi.org/10.59024/jpma.v2i3.885
FAO. (2020). The state of food and agriculture: Overcoming water challenges in urban farming. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/ca9692en
Ghimire, B. J. (2024). Role of Urban Agriculture in Promoting Food Security and Sustainable Cities. Journal of Research and Development, 7(01), 42–49. https://doi.org/10.3126/jrdn.v7i01.72499
Henzelmann, M. (2023). The Effectiveness of Urban Farming in Urban Heat Island Mitigation in Urban Areas. Atrium, 8(3), 189–198. https://doi.org/10.21460/atrium.v8i3.200
IPCC, 2022. Summary for Policymakers Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157926.001
Isdialah, I. (2023). Response of urban farming implementation lane farmers to the development of chili agribusiness in Makassar City. Cemerlang: Jurnal Manajemen dan Ekonomi Bisnis, 3(4), 372–379. https://doi.org/10.55606/cemerlang.v3i4.2731
Ismayanti, I., & Aljurida, A. M. A. (2023). Urgency in Urban Flood Disaster Mitigation: Response and Policy Initiation by Makassar City Government. Journal of Governance and Local Politics (JGLP). https://doi.org/10.47650/jglp.v5i2.954
Jain, A., Arora, V., Linzara, H., & Saraswat, O. (2025). Vertical Farming and Hydroponics Leveraging Smart Technologies for Urban Agriculture. 187–210. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-5283-1.ch007
Jemaneh, S. A., & Shibeshi, E. M. (2023). Women empowerment in agriculture and its effect on household food security: evidence from Gamo Zone of Southern Ethiopia. Agriculture & Food Security, 12, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-023-00437-1
Kriegl, M., Kluger, L. C., Gorris, P., & Kochalski, S. (2022). Coastal livelihood resilience to abrupt environmental change: the role of social capital in a Peruvian bay. Regional Environmental Change, 22(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-022-01959-3
Kurnianto, B. T. (2024). Urban Agriculture: A Solution to Land Constraints Amidst Urbanization. West Science Nature and Technology, 2(04), 185–191. https://doi.org/10.58812/wsnt.v2i04.1310
Kwiringira, J., Perry, E. W., Mathias, A., Ariho, P., Mugisha, J., Zakumumpa, H., Rujumba, J., & Tumwebaze, I. K. (2024). Urban agriculture as an evolved sustainable urban livelihood: evidence from Kampala city, Uganda. Agriculture & Food Security, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-024-00507-y
Li, C. (2023). Urban Agriculture and Community Resilience: The Vietnamese Village in Post‐Katrina New Orleans. Landscape Journal. https://doi.org/10.3368/lj.42.2.41
Luo, Z., Luo, W., Luo, C., & Yang, J. (2023). On the Functions and Environmental Effects of Urban Agriculture. International Journal of Food Science and Agriculture. https://doi.org/10.26855/ijfsa.2023.12.001
Luthfiasari, A., Nurhadi, N., & Purwanto, D. D. (2022). Urban Farmer Policy in the Midst of Limited Land in Cilacap City. Jurnal Socius: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 9(1), 52. https://doi.org/10.24036/scs.v9i1.411
Mahyudin, M., Ibrahim, M. A., Yunus, M., & Syahribulan. (2025). Program evaluation in the development of urban farming for sustainable food independence in Makassar City. South Eastern European Journal of Public Health. https://www.seejph.com/index.php/seejph/article/view/3875
Maru, R., Nasaruddin., Ikhsan, M., & Laka, B. M. (2016). Land Use Changes in Makassar City in 1990-2010. Jurnal Sainsmat, 4(2), 113-125. https://doi.org/10.35580/SAINSMAT4218622015
Mathew, R., Sarojini, S. G., Smitha, S., & Shaji, A. T. (2023). Urban Agriculture: An Approach Towards Creating Sustainable Smart Cities: A Review. Agricultural Reviews. https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.r-2629
Maulana, I. N. H., Dinata, C., Amali, A. C., & Dewi, D. A. (2024). Subsistence to commercial: urban farming transformation builds food security and social empowerment. JRTI (Jurnal Riset Tindakan Indonesia), 9(2), 182–196. https://doi.org/10.29210/30035249000
Mejía, A., & Gomez, M. (2023). City vulnerability to drought-related food supply shock. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3115849/v1
Muslih, M., & Rayhan, A. (2023). The Role of Baduy Women in Strengthening Baduy Local Food as an Innovation for Food Security in the Banten Region. UNRAM Law Review, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.29303/ulrev.v7i1.247
Najib, M. A., Marwati, M., & Nursyam, N. (2025). Application of passive and active concepts of sustainable architecture in the design of urban farming centers in Makassar City. TIMPALAJA: Architecture Student Journals, 7(1), 25–36. https://doi.org/10.24252/timpalaja.v7i1a3
Ngalekoua, A. R. P. (2024). Urban agriculture and women’s empowerment: an analysis based on female producers in the Talangaï market gardening belt in Brazzaville (Republic of Congo). 5(02), 72–89. https://doi.org/10.52919/arebus.v5i02.64
Orsini, F. (2020). Innovation and sustainability in urban agriculture: the path forward. Journal Fur Verbraucherschutz Und Lebensmittelsicherheit-Journal of Consumer, 15(3), 203–204. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00003-020-01293-Y
Panwar, M., & Mina, U. (2025). Public Perception of Urban Green Spaces in Climate Mitigation and Adaptation: A Case Study of Public Parks in Delhi. https://doi.org/10.5194/icuc12-746
Pranajaya, E., Susetyo, D. P., & Andriani, N. Y. (2023). Urban Farming Education with Fun Learning in Early Childhood at the Elementary School Level. https://doi.org/10.59653/jcsse.v2i01.391
Prasetiyo, W. H. (2018). Fostering Environmental Virtue for Children through School Urban Farming in Bandung, Indonesia. 250–255. https://doi.org/10.2991/ACEC-18.2018.59
Rahman, Md. M., & Hasan, J. (2024). Evaluating the Impact of Green Spaces on Urban Heat Reduction in Rajshahi, Bangladesh Using the InVEST Model. Land, 13(8), 1284. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13081284
Roldugin, I. (2023). Thematic Analysis. Springer Texts in Education, 463–468. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04394-9_72
Siegner, A., Sowerwine, J., & Acey, C. (2018). Does Urban Agriculture Improve Food Security? Examining the Nexus of Food Access and Distribution of Urban Produced Foods in the United States: A Systematic Review. Sustainability, 10(9), 2988. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU10092988
Sriyanto, S., & Saniya, Q. A. (2025). Community Participation in the Activities of Improving Food Security Through the Climate Village Program in the Madukoro Village Kajoran District Magelang. KnE Social Sciences, 10(10), 103–112. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v10i10.18653
Surya, B., Syafri, S., Hadijah, H., Baharuddin, B., Fitriyah, A. T., & Sakti, H. H. (2020). Management of Slum-Based Urban Farming and Economic Empowerment of the Community of Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Sustainability, 12(18), 7324. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12187324
Tenri Ulfa, A., Rauf, B. A., & Mandra, M. A. S. (2023). Oasis training model to improve community skills in urban agriculture in Makassar City, Indonesia. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 12(8). https://www.internationaljournalcorner.com/index.php/ijird_ojs/article/view/173175
Teoh, S. H., Wong, G. R., & Mazumdar, P. (2024). A review on urban farming: Potential, challenges and opportunities. Innovations in Agriculture, 7, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3897/ia.2024.127816
Toth, A. (2024). Enhancing Food Resilience in the Age of Geoeconomics by Applying Biomimetic Principles in Urban Agriculture. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.2407.v1
Uzcátegui, C., Zaldumbide, D., & González Ordóñez, A. I. (2017). Agricultura urbana sobre la base de sostenibilidad de las ciudades. 5(1), 84–89.
Wei, X. (2022). Urban Agriculture (pp. 333–348). Routledge eBooks. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003109563-27
Wijaya, S. M. (2022). Urban Farming in Food Security Efforts at Household Level in Indonesia: Systematic Review. International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, 05(09). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v5-i9-13
Worku, A., & Terefe, M. K. (2023). Effect of climate change on food security. Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo, 60(1), 20–25. https://doi.org/10.5937/ratpov60-40400
Yi, Q. (2024). Urban Planning Strategies for Coastal Cities in China in Response to Climate Change. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences, 123(1), 20–25. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/123/2024mur0116
Zuhri, M. S., Bawono, S. A. T., Septika, A. R., Safitri, W., Tambunan, A. M. L. M., Irfanda, M. A., Putri, E. F. R., Istigfarin, H. P., & Meylana, F. A. (2022). The Appropriate Technology for Aquaponics in Narrow Land by KKN UNS Group in Ngarap-Arap Village, Grobogan. https://doi.org/10.60004/komunita.v1i2.24
Zhou, Y. (2024). Technological Innovation and Significance of Vertical Farming System in High-Density Urban Areas. E3S Web of Conferences, 579, 03001. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202457903001
















